Defining Cancer
Cancer is a term used for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues. Cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems.
Cancer is not just one disease but many diseases. There are more than 100 different types of cancer. Most cancers are named for the organ or type of cell in which they start - for example, cancer that begins in the colon is called colon cancer; cancer that begins in basal cells of the skin is called basal cell carcinoma.
Cancer types can be grouped into broader categories. The main categories of cancer include:
Carcinoma - cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs.
Sarcoma - cancer that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue.
Leukemia - cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood.
Lymphoma and myeloma - cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system.
Central nervous system cancers - cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord.
(For definitions of other cancer-related terms, see NCI's Dictionary of Cancer Terms.)
Origins of Cancer
All cancers begin in cells, the body's basic unit of life. To understand cancer, it's helpful to know what happens when normal cells become cancer cells.
The body is made up of many types of cells. These cells grow and divide in a controlled way to produce more cells as they are needed to keep the body healthy. When cells become old or damaged, they die and are replaced with new cells.
However, sometimes this orderly process goes wrong. The genetic material (DNA) of a cell can become damaged or changed, producing mutations that affect normal cell growth and division. When this happens, cells do not die when they should and new cells form when the body does not need them. The extra cells may form a mass of tissue called a tumor.
(Image from Understanding Cancer Series: Cancer.)
Not all tumors are cancerous; tumors can be benign or malignant.
Benign tumors aren't cancerous. They can often be removed, and, in most cases, they do not come back. Cells in benign tumors do not spread to other parts of the body.
Malignant tumors are cancerous. Cells in these tumors can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body. The spread of cancer from one part of the body to another is called metastasis.
Some cancers do not form tumors. For example, leukemia is a cancer of the bone marrow and blood.
Cancer Statistics
A new report from the nation's leading cancer organizations shows cancer death rates decreased on average 2.1 percent per year from 2002 through 2004, nearly twice the annual decrease of 1.1 percent per year from 1993 through 2002. (Read more about the Annual Report.)
Estimated new cases and deaths from cancer in the United States in 2008:
New cases: 1,437,180 (does not include nonmelanoma skin cancers)
Deaths: 565,650
NCI's Cancer Stat Fact Sheets provide frequently requested cancer statistics for a number of cancer types.
Additional Information
Find a type of cancer:
A to Z List of Cancers
Cancers by Body Location/System
Cancers that are diagnosed with the greatest frequency in the United States are listed below. (Read more about Common Cancer Types.)
Bladder Cancer Melanoma
Breast Cancer Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Colon and Rectal Cancer Pancreatic Cancer
Endometrial Cancer Prostate Cancer
Kidney (Renal Cell) Cancer Skin Cancer (Nonmelanoma)
Leukemia Thyroid Cancer
Lung Cancer
More cancer topics:
Cancer Prevention
Cancer Genetics
Cancer Causes and Risk Factors
Screening and Testing to Detect Cancer
Cancer Treatment
Coping with Cancer
Cancer Statistics
Clinical Trials
Cancer Publications
The risk of developing many types of cancer can be reduced by practicing healthy lifestyle habits, such as eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and not smoking. Also, the sooner a cancer is found and treatment begins, the better the chances are that the treatment will be successful.
Contact Us for Help
NCI cancer information specialists can answer your questions about cancer and help you with quitting smoking. They can also help you with using this Web site and can tell you about NCI's printed and electronic materials. Contact us.
(National Cancer)
Kamis, 31 Juli 2008
Eat Right for Your Type
What It Is
The Eat Right for Your Type diet encourages people to eat certain foods and avoid others based on their blood type -- A, B, AB, or O.
Peter J. D'Adamo, ND, the author of Eat Right for Your Type: The Individualized Diet Solution to Staying Healthy, Living Longer & Achieving Your Ideal Weight, believes blood types affect the digestive system and that some foods good for people of one type are "dangerous" for another.
The Latest Diets
New diets and weight loss tricks pop up every month. Get the facts on how the new diets work and what's right.
Atkins
Best Life Diet
Biggest Loser
Cabbage Soup
Hallelujah Diet
Jenny Craig
NutriSystem
Ornish
South Beach
3 Day Diet
Weight Watchers
Zone
All Diets A-Z
Related to diet and weight loss Alli, apple cider vinegar, low carb diet, high protien diet, weight loss, metabolism, Mediterranean diet, diet pills, trans fat, BMI calculator, detox diet, diabetes diet, Body for Life
© 2008 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.
It goes further than that for D'Adamo, a naturopathic doctor, who believes that your blood type also determines your susceptibility to certain illnesses and how you should exercise.
Critics cite a lack of published evidence backing D'Adamo's blood type-based diet plan. "I know of no plausible rationale behind the diet," says John Foreyt, PhD, a researcher at the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.
This diet may suit those enthusiastic about a plan that doesn't involve tracking calories or fat grams, while others may find it difficult to stay within the diet's confines, a challenge made greater if more than one person in a household follows the diet -- and has a different blood type.
What You Can Eat
What you can eat -- and how you exercise -- on this plan depends on who you are.
If you're blood type O ("for old," as in humanity's oldest blood line) your digestive tract retains the memory of ancient times, says D'Adamo, so you're metabolism will benefit from lean meats, poultry, and fish. You're advised to restrict grains, breads, legumes, and beans and to enjoy vigorous exercise.
Type A ("for agrarian") flourishes on vegetarian diets, "the inheritance of their more settled and less warlike farmer ancestors," says D'Adamo. The type A diet contains soy proteins, grains, and organic vegetables and encourages gentle exercise.
The nomadic blood type B has a tolerant digestive system and can enjoy low-fat dairy, meat, and produce but, among other things, should avoid wheat, corn, and lentils, D'Adamo says. If you're type B, it's recommended you exercise moderately.
The "modern" blood type AB has a sensitive digestive tract and should avoid chicken, beef, and pork but enjoy seafood, tofu, dairy, and most produce. The fitness regimen for ABs is calming exercises
The Eat Right for Your Type diet encourages people to eat certain foods and avoid others based on their blood type -- A, B, AB, or O.
Peter J. D'Adamo, ND, the author of Eat Right for Your Type: The Individualized Diet Solution to Staying Healthy, Living Longer & Achieving Your Ideal Weight, believes blood types affect the digestive system and that some foods good for people of one type are "dangerous" for another.
The Latest Diets
New diets and weight loss tricks pop up every month. Get the facts on how the new diets work and what's right.
Atkins
Best Life Diet
Biggest Loser
Cabbage Soup
Hallelujah Diet
Jenny Craig
NutriSystem
Ornish
South Beach
3 Day Diet
Weight Watchers
Zone
All Diets A-Z
Related to diet and weight loss Alli, apple cider vinegar, low carb diet, high protien diet, weight loss, metabolism, Mediterranean diet, diet pills, trans fat, BMI calculator, detox diet, diabetes diet, Body for Life
© 2008 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.
It goes further than that for D'Adamo, a naturopathic doctor, who believes that your blood type also determines your susceptibility to certain illnesses and how you should exercise.
Critics cite a lack of published evidence backing D'Adamo's blood type-based diet plan. "I know of no plausible rationale behind the diet," says John Foreyt, PhD, a researcher at the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.
This diet may suit those enthusiastic about a plan that doesn't involve tracking calories or fat grams, while others may find it difficult to stay within the diet's confines, a challenge made greater if more than one person in a household follows the diet -- and has a different blood type.
What You Can Eat
What you can eat -- and how you exercise -- on this plan depends on who you are.
If you're blood type O ("for old," as in humanity's oldest blood line) your digestive tract retains the memory of ancient times, says D'Adamo, so you're metabolism will benefit from lean meats, poultry, and fish. You're advised to restrict grains, breads, legumes, and beans and to enjoy vigorous exercise.
Type A ("for agrarian") flourishes on vegetarian diets, "the inheritance of their more settled and less warlike farmer ancestors," says D'Adamo. The type A diet contains soy proteins, grains, and organic vegetables and encourages gentle exercise.
The nomadic blood type B has a tolerant digestive system and can enjoy low-fat dairy, meat, and produce but, among other things, should avoid wheat, corn, and lentils, D'Adamo says. If you're type B, it's recommended you exercise moderately.
The "modern" blood type AB has a sensitive digestive tract and should avoid chicken, beef, and pork but enjoy seafood, tofu, dairy, and most produce. The fitness regimen for ABs is calming exercises
Dark Chocolate Is Healthy Chocolate
By Daniel J. DeNoon
WebMD Health NewsAug. 27, 2003 -- Got high blood pressure? Try a truffle. Worried about heart disease? Buy a bon-bon.
It's the best medical news in ages. Studies in two prestigious scientific journals say dark chocolate -- but not white chocolate or milk chocolate -- is good for you.
Romance and Chocolate
From the WebMD community
How often do you say, "I love you," to your partner? Everyday... several times a day... my husband likes to hear it and he doesn't let me go to bed until I've said it even if we're fighting. – Katelya
Read more of your thoughts on love
Favorite Screen Romances
Sweet History of Chocolate
Science of Attraction: Feelings or Pheromones?
Today's Love Lingo
Video: Getting the Most Out of Your Relationship
Related to modern love Science of Attraction: Feelings or Pheromones?, Relationship in Distress? Tips to De-stress, When Mars and Venus Collide, Is Modern Life Giving Your Heart a Beating?
© 2008 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.
Dark Chocolate Lowers Blood Pressure
Dark chocolate -- not white chocolate -- lowers high blood pressure, say Dirk Taubert, MD, PhD, and colleagues at the University of Cologne, Germany. Their report appears in the Aug. 27 issue of The Journal of the American Medical Association.
But that's no license to go on a chocolate binge. Eating more dark chocolate can help lower blood pressure -- if you've reached a certain age and have mild high blood pressure, say the researchers. But you have to balance the extra calories by eating less of other things.
Antioxidants in Dark Chocolate
Dark chocolate -- but not milk chocolate or dark chocolate eaten with milk -- is a potent antioxidant, report Mauro Serafini, PhD, of Italy's National Institute for Food and Nutrition Research in Rome, and colleagues. Their report appears in the Aug. 28 issue of Nature. Antioxidants gobble up free radicals, destructive molecules that are implicated in heart disease and other ailments.
"Our findings indicate that milk may interfere with the absorption of antioxidants from chocolate ... and may therefore negate the potential health benefits that can be derived from eating moderate amounts of dark chocolate."
Translation: Say "Dark, please," when ordering at the chocolate counter. Don't even think of washing it down with milk. And if health is your excuse for eating chocolate, remember the word "moderate" as you nibble.
The Studies
Taubert's team signed up six men and seven women aged 55-64. All had just been diagnosed with mild high blood pressure -- on average, systolic blood pressure (the top number) of 153 and diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number) of 84.
Every day for two weeks, they ate a 100-gram candy bar and were asked to balance its 480 calories by not eating other foods similar in nutrients and calories. Half the patients got dark chocolate and half got white chocolate.
Those who ate dark chocolate had a significant drop in blood pressure (by an average of 5 points for systolic and an average of 2 points for diastolic blood pressure). Those who ate white chocolate did not.
In the second study, Serafini's team signed up seven healthy women and five healthy men aged 25-35. On different days they each ate 100 grams of dark chocolate by itself, 100 grams of dark chocolate with a small glass of whole milk, or 200 grams of milk chocolate.
An hour later, those who ate dark chocolate alone had the most total antioxidants in their blood. And they had higher levels of epicatechin, a particularly healthy compound found in chocolate. The milk chocolate eaters had the lowest epicatechin levels of all.
( Web MD Health News )
WebMD Health NewsAug. 27, 2003 -- Got high blood pressure? Try a truffle. Worried about heart disease? Buy a bon-bon.
It's the best medical news in ages. Studies in two prestigious scientific journals say dark chocolate -- but not white chocolate or milk chocolate -- is good for you.
Romance and Chocolate
From the WebMD community
How often do you say, "I love you," to your partner? Everyday... several times a day... my husband likes to hear it and he doesn't let me go to bed until I've said it even if we're fighting. – Katelya
Read more of your thoughts on love
Favorite Screen Romances
Sweet History of Chocolate
Science of Attraction: Feelings or Pheromones?
Today's Love Lingo
Video: Getting the Most Out of Your Relationship
Related to modern love Science of Attraction: Feelings or Pheromones?, Relationship in Distress? Tips to De-stress, When Mars and Venus Collide, Is Modern Life Giving Your Heart a Beating?
© 2008 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.
Dark Chocolate Lowers Blood Pressure
Dark chocolate -- not white chocolate -- lowers high blood pressure, say Dirk Taubert, MD, PhD, and colleagues at the University of Cologne, Germany. Their report appears in the Aug. 27 issue of The Journal of the American Medical Association.
But that's no license to go on a chocolate binge. Eating more dark chocolate can help lower blood pressure -- if you've reached a certain age and have mild high blood pressure, say the researchers. But you have to balance the extra calories by eating less of other things.
Antioxidants in Dark Chocolate
Dark chocolate -- but not milk chocolate or dark chocolate eaten with milk -- is a potent antioxidant, report Mauro Serafini, PhD, of Italy's National Institute for Food and Nutrition Research in Rome, and colleagues. Their report appears in the Aug. 28 issue of Nature. Antioxidants gobble up free radicals, destructive molecules that are implicated in heart disease and other ailments.
"Our findings indicate that milk may interfere with the absorption of antioxidants from chocolate ... and may therefore negate the potential health benefits that can be derived from eating moderate amounts of dark chocolate."
Translation: Say "Dark, please," when ordering at the chocolate counter. Don't even think of washing it down with milk. And if health is your excuse for eating chocolate, remember the word "moderate" as you nibble.
The Studies
Taubert's team signed up six men and seven women aged 55-64. All had just been diagnosed with mild high blood pressure -- on average, systolic blood pressure (the top number) of 153 and diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number) of 84.
Every day for two weeks, they ate a 100-gram candy bar and were asked to balance its 480 calories by not eating other foods similar in nutrients and calories. Half the patients got dark chocolate and half got white chocolate.
Those who ate dark chocolate had a significant drop in blood pressure (by an average of 5 points for systolic and an average of 2 points for diastolic blood pressure). Those who ate white chocolate did not.
In the second study, Serafini's team signed up seven healthy women and five healthy men aged 25-35. On different days they each ate 100 grams of dark chocolate by itself, 100 grams of dark chocolate with a small glass of whole milk, or 200 grams of milk chocolate.
An hour later, those who ate dark chocolate alone had the most total antioxidants in their blood. And they had higher levels of epicatechin, a particularly healthy compound found in chocolate. The milk chocolate eaters had the lowest epicatechin levels of all.
( Web MD Health News )
Cholesterol
Knowing the facts about cholesterol can reduce your risk for a heart attack or stroke. But understanding what cholesterol is and how it affects your health are only the beginning.
To keep your cholesterol under control:
schedule a screening
eat foods low in cholesterol and saturated fat and free of trans fat
maintain a healthy weight
be physically active
follow your healthcare professional's advice
How well do you know cholesterol? Take this brief quiz to test your cholesterol IQ.
Knowing the facts about cholesterol can help you improve your heart health and reduce your risk of heart disease.
Be prepared with these tips for ordering low-saturated fat, low-cholesterol meals at any restaurant.
This content is reviewed regularly. Last updated 04/03/08.
To keep your cholesterol under control:
schedule a screening
eat foods low in cholesterol and saturated fat and free of trans fat
maintain a healthy weight
be physically active
follow your healthcare professional's advice
How well do you know cholesterol? Take this brief quiz to test your cholesterol IQ.
Knowing the facts about cholesterol can help you improve your heart health and reduce your risk of heart disease.
Be prepared with these tips for ordering low-saturated fat, low-cholesterol meals at any restaurant.
This content is reviewed regularly. Last updated 04/03/08.
Sabtu, 19 Juli 2008
Awas, Bom Hipertensi!
Hipertensi, darah tinggi memang bukan pembunuh sejati. Tetapi ia digolongkan sebagai The Silent Killer (pembunuh diam-diam). Gejala penyakit ini tidak nyata, tapi harus tetap diwaspadai dan diobati sedini mungkin, karena hipertensi yang kronis dan diabaikan dapat membawa malapetaka tiba-tiba, serangan jantung dan stroke.
Di Amerika, setiap tahun hampir separuh jumlah kematian disebabkan oleh faktor kelebihan konsumsi garam (natrium/sodium). Sumber utama natrium di sana adalah garam dapur. Namun di Indonesia, selain garam dapur dan ikan asin, sumber lain yang lebih potensial adalah monosodium glutamat (MSG/vetsin).
Kadar natrium dalam 1 gram garam dapur setara dengan kadar natrium yang terkandung dalam 3 gram
(1 sendok teh) MSG/vetsin. Satu gram garam dapur bisa membuat 1 mangkuk sup menjadi asin.
Sebaliknya 3 gram MSG tidak terasa asin, justru terasa gurih, sehingga secara tidak sadar dengan
mudah bisa kebablasan konsumsi MSG dan keracunan. Ini belum terhitung dari paparan MSG dalam berbagai makanan lainnya, yang membuat konsumen secara perlahan mulai toleran dan menimbukan
efek kecanduan. Sehingga bila MSG diberikan dalam jumlah sedikit, tidak akan terasa gurihnya. Jika kebiasaan ini berlangsung berkepanjangan (10–20 tahun), tidak mustahil rakyat Indonesia akan mengalami gejala hipertensi akibat keracunan MSG.
Kenapa Bisa Darah Tinggi?
Seseorang dinyatakan mengidap hipertensi bila tekanan sistoliknya mencapai di atas 140 mmHg dan tekanan diastolik di atas 90 mmHg. Tekanan sistolik adalah tekanan maksimum dimana jantung berkontraksi dan memompa darah ke luar, sedangkan tekanan diastolik adalah tekanan dimana jantung sedang mengalami relaksasi, menerima curahan darah dari pembuluh darah perifer.
Ada dua bentuk hipertensi. Bentuk esensial, yang penyebabnya belum diketahui, kemungkinan karena faktor keturunan. Bentuk lannya, hipertensi yang disebabkan oleh faktor lingkungan yang biasanya sangat erat hubungannya dengan pola makan kurang baik. Faktor makanan yang sangat berpengaruh adalah kelebihan lemak (obesitas), konsumsi garam dapur yang tinggi, merokok serta minum alkohol.
Di Amerika, setiap tahun hampir separuh jumlah kematian disebabkan oleh faktor kelebihan konsumsi garam (natrium/sodium). Sumber utama natrium di sana adalah garam dapur. Namun di Indonesia, selain garam dapur dan ikan asin, sumber lain yang lebih potensial adalah monosodium glutamat (MSG/vetsin).
Kadar natrium dalam 1 gram garam dapur setara dengan kadar natrium yang terkandung dalam 3 gram
(1 sendok teh) MSG/vetsin. Satu gram garam dapur bisa membuat 1 mangkuk sup menjadi asin.
Sebaliknya 3 gram MSG tidak terasa asin, justru terasa gurih, sehingga secara tidak sadar dengan
mudah bisa kebablasan konsumsi MSG dan keracunan. Ini belum terhitung dari paparan MSG dalam berbagai makanan lainnya, yang membuat konsumen secara perlahan mulai toleran dan menimbukan
efek kecanduan. Sehingga bila MSG diberikan dalam jumlah sedikit, tidak akan terasa gurihnya. Jika kebiasaan ini berlangsung berkepanjangan (10–20 tahun), tidak mustahil rakyat Indonesia akan mengalami gejala hipertensi akibat keracunan MSG.
Kenapa Bisa Darah Tinggi?
Seseorang dinyatakan mengidap hipertensi bila tekanan sistoliknya mencapai di atas 140 mmHg dan tekanan diastolik di atas 90 mmHg. Tekanan sistolik adalah tekanan maksimum dimana jantung berkontraksi dan memompa darah ke luar, sedangkan tekanan diastolik adalah tekanan dimana jantung sedang mengalami relaksasi, menerima curahan darah dari pembuluh darah perifer.
Ada dua bentuk hipertensi. Bentuk esensial, yang penyebabnya belum diketahui, kemungkinan karena faktor keturunan. Bentuk lannya, hipertensi yang disebabkan oleh faktor lingkungan yang biasanya sangat erat hubungannya dengan pola makan kurang baik. Faktor makanan yang sangat berpengaruh adalah kelebihan lemak (obesitas), konsumsi garam dapur yang tinggi, merokok serta minum alkohol.
Anak Sulit Makan Berakibat Fatal
Sulit makan pada anak dapat berakibat fatal bila dipicu oleh penyakit atau kelainan tertentu. Kesulitan ini bisa seperti anak tidak mau menelan makanan dan cuma ditahan dalam mulut, bahkan dikeluarkan lagi, juga menolak atau melawan pada waktu makan. Mungkin bisa juga makan terlalu sedikit atau sebaliknya, hanya mau makan jenis makanan tertentu misalnya susu, cepat bosan dengan makanan yang disajikan dan lain-lain
Gangguan tersebut dapat menimpa semua kelompok usia anak, dari mulai bayi yang baru lahir sampai akhir masa anak-anak (berkisar 18 tahun). Namun jenis, penyebab, derajat dan lamanya diperkirakan berbeda-beda. Derajat kesulitan makan mungkin sederhana, cuma berlangsung singkat seperti kurang nafsu makan, seperti yang biasa ditemukan ketika anak menderita penyakit infeksi akut. Kesulitan makan pun bisa berlangsung lama dan berat, sehingga berdampak fatal.
Memang kelainan tersebut dapat disebabkan oleh suatu penyakit tertentu, tetapi bisa juga muncul dari multifaktor. Faktor ini dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, yaitu nutrisi (kemampuan untuk mengonsumsi makanan tertentu), kelainan organik, dan gangguan jiwa. Akibatnya, kesehatan tubuh, tumbuh kembang dan aktivitas sehari-hari anak menjadi terhambat. Misalnya pada kelainan yang singkat, anak menjadi kehabisan energi akut, sampai pingsan atau kejang-kejang, karena tak makan beberapa hari.
Sedangkan pada anak yang tidak menyukai sayuran atau buah-buahan dapat terkena kekurangan vitamin A. Anak pun bisa tekena anemia dan defisiensi besi, jika hanya mengonsumsi susu murni, sehingga berdampak buruk pada kekebalan dan kecerdasan otak. Kekurangan makan dalam waktu lama dapat menghambat pertumbuhan serta perkembangan, pada bayi disebut dengan ‘gagal tumbuh’ atau terjadi malnutrisi energi protein pada balita
Gangguan tersebut dapat menimpa semua kelompok usia anak, dari mulai bayi yang baru lahir sampai akhir masa anak-anak (berkisar 18 tahun). Namun jenis, penyebab, derajat dan lamanya diperkirakan berbeda-beda. Derajat kesulitan makan mungkin sederhana, cuma berlangsung singkat seperti kurang nafsu makan, seperti yang biasa ditemukan ketika anak menderita penyakit infeksi akut. Kesulitan makan pun bisa berlangsung lama dan berat, sehingga berdampak fatal.
Memang kelainan tersebut dapat disebabkan oleh suatu penyakit tertentu, tetapi bisa juga muncul dari multifaktor. Faktor ini dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, yaitu nutrisi (kemampuan untuk mengonsumsi makanan tertentu), kelainan organik, dan gangguan jiwa. Akibatnya, kesehatan tubuh, tumbuh kembang dan aktivitas sehari-hari anak menjadi terhambat. Misalnya pada kelainan yang singkat, anak menjadi kehabisan energi akut, sampai pingsan atau kejang-kejang, karena tak makan beberapa hari.
Sedangkan pada anak yang tidak menyukai sayuran atau buah-buahan dapat terkena kekurangan vitamin A. Anak pun bisa tekena anemia dan defisiensi besi, jika hanya mengonsumsi susu murni, sehingga berdampak buruk pada kekebalan dan kecerdasan otak. Kekurangan makan dalam waktu lama dapat menghambat pertumbuhan serta perkembangan, pada bayi disebut dengan ‘gagal tumbuh’ atau terjadi malnutrisi energi protein pada balita
Anak Kelebihan Beban?
Anak-anak yang memiliki masa depan cerah merupakan impian semua orang tua. Oleh karena itu, anak-anak jaman sekarang memiliki begitu banyak kegiatan di luar sekolah, di antaranya pelajaran les pelajaran (les matematika, les komputer, les bahasa inggris, dll) da, les tambahan (les piano, les balet, les melukis, les renang, les bela diri, dll). Namun jadwal yang padat seperti itu dapat membuat Anak menjadi kelebihan beban, sehingga dapat membuat mereka stres dan merasa tertekan.
1 di antara 4 anak usia sekolah menderita stres akibat aktivitas yang berlebihan. Anak-anak perlu agar mereka dapat bereksperimen dengan aktivitas yang dimilikinya, kemudian dibebaskan untuk memilih mana yang disukainya. Pakar berpendapat agar anak tidak memiliki 3 kegiatan pada suatu waktu, seperti 1 kegiatan sosial, 1 kegiatan olahraga, dan 1 kegiatan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan yang dimilikinya.
Namun jika Anda menemukan anak merasa tertekan, lakukan :
Monitor tingkah laku anak Perhatikan setiap tingkah laku anak Anda. Sikap kasar, perubahan perasaan yang mencolok (sebentar ia akan merasa murung, kemudian gembira, lalu kembali murung), prestasi menurun, perubahan pola makan, sulit tidur merupakan tanda-tanda anak stres.
Susun kembali agenda anak
Tanyakan kepada anak aktivitas apa yang mereka sukai. Kemudian tanyakanlah kepada diri Anda sendiri, apakah Anda lebih menyukai anak melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan tersebut dibanding anak Anda sendiri.
Berilah anak waktu untuk bermain dan menikmati masa kecil mereka
Sisihkan paling sedikit 1 jam setiap hari dan beberapa jam di akhir pekan agar anak-anak dapat bermain.
1 di antara 4 anak usia sekolah menderita stres akibat aktivitas yang berlebihan. Anak-anak perlu agar mereka dapat bereksperimen dengan aktivitas yang dimilikinya, kemudian dibebaskan untuk memilih mana yang disukainya. Pakar berpendapat agar anak tidak memiliki 3 kegiatan pada suatu waktu, seperti 1 kegiatan sosial, 1 kegiatan olahraga, dan 1 kegiatan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan yang dimilikinya.
Namun jika Anda menemukan anak merasa tertekan, lakukan :
Monitor tingkah laku anak Perhatikan setiap tingkah laku anak Anda. Sikap kasar, perubahan perasaan yang mencolok (sebentar ia akan merasa murung, kemudian gembira, lalu kembali murung), prestasi menurun, perubahan pola makan, sulit tidur merupakan tanda-tanda anak stres.
Susun kembali agenda anak
Tanyakan kepada anak aktivitas apa yang mereka sukai. Kemudian tanyakanlah kepada diri Anda sendiri, apakah Anda lebih menyukai anak melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan tersebut dibanding anak Anda sendiri.
Berilah anak waktu untuk bermain dan menikmati masa kecil mereka
Sisihkan paling sedikit 1 jam setiap hari dan beberapa jam di akhir pekan agar anak-anak dapat bermain.
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